Non-EU vendorESG & SustainabilityHeadquarters: US

Google Cloud Carbon Footprint: sovereignty score and 8 European alternatives

Carbon Footprint is a reporting feature in the Google Cloud console. It shows the estimated greenhouse gas emissions attributed to a customer's Google Cloud usage, broken down by month, product, project and region. The reports cover Scope 1, 2 and 3 and follow the GHG Protocol; electricity is calculated both location-based and market-based. Through the BigQuery Data Transfer Service the data can be exported monthly to a BigQuery dataset of the customer's own. According to Google, the reports have not been third-party verified.

Carbon Footprint is part of Google Cloud, operated by Google LLC, a subsidiary of Alphabet Inc., headquartered in Mountain View, California, in the United States. The documentation names no region for the reporting data; the customer chooses the export dataset. Google Cloud offers a Cloud Data Processing Addendum in which Google acts as processor. For a European organisation this means the emissions data sits with a US vendor, so US legislation such as the CLOUD Act may apply.

See the 8 European alternatives ↓Assess your stack with Google Cloud Carbon Footprint pre-selected

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Sovereignty score

17 / 1000 = high exposure
100 = sovereign

Jurisdiction SOV-210
Headquartered in the US: CLOUD Act and FISA 702
Data residency SOV-30
No hosting in Europe (US)
Cryptographic key sovereignty SOV-320
Key management with a non-European vendor
Freedom from lock-in SOV-640
Closed source: switching requires data migration
Source & runtime sovereignty SOV-4 · SOV-615
Closed source, runtime with the vendor

SOV codes: the matching objective in the European Commission's Cloud Sovereignty Framework. Official source

How the score is calculated

Facts and evidence

Last checked October 11, 2026

Headquarters	US (US)Verified by hand
EU adequacy decision	Only for companies individually certified under the EU-US Data Privacy FrameworkVerified by hand
Sovereignty model	Vendor-hosted (non-EU)Verified by hand
Data hosting	USVerified by hand
Open-source	NoVerified by hand
GDPR-compliant	YesVendor-stated
Category	ESG & Sustainability
Type	Product
Website	cloud.google.com ↗

How we verify · Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Top EU-based & GDPR-compliant alternatives to Google Cloud Carbon Footprint

The European alternatives to Google Cloud Carbon Footprint come from our knowledge base of over 7,800 vendors. We only list vendors headquartered in the EU or the EEA; fully European-owned vendors rank before vendors with a foreign owner. For each alternative you see the country, the open-source status and a short description.

Score per alternative: 0 = high exposure, 100 = sovereign

53 European ESG & Sustainability vendors are in the catalogue. View the whole category · Submit an alternative · View category on the map

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Why digital sovereignty matters with Google Cloud Carbon Footprint

Google Cloud Carbon Footprint is headquartered in the United States. US vendors fall under the CLOUD Act and FISA 702: US authorities can compel access to data, even when that data sits in a European data centre. That is the core of the jurisdictional exposure in our model.

Google Cloud Carbon Footprint hosts data outside the EU (US). Personal data therefore leaves the EU, which requires a transfer mechanism under the GDPR and pulls the data residency score down.

Google Cloud Carbon Footprint is closed source and hosted by the vendor. The encryption keys and the runtime sit with the vendor and switching requires data migration. Ask about bring-your-own-key, export options and open standards.

What this means for your organisation depends on your whole stack and context. The free assessment weighs Google Cloud Carbon Footprint together with your other vendors and gives a total score, a heatmap and the main risk drivers.

Frequently asked questions

What is the best European alternative to Google Cloud Carbon Footprint?

It depends on your use case. Strong EU alternatives to Google Cloud Carbon Footprint include bluesign, Brightway and Carbmee. On this page you can compare 8 EU alternatives by jurisdiction, data residency and open-source status.

Are there open-source alternatives to Google Cloud Carbon Footprint?

Yes. Open-source EU alternatives to Google Cloud Carbon Footprint include Brightway. These keep your data fully under your own control and let you self-host if you want to.

Is Google Cloud Carbon Footprint GDPR-compliant and where is the data hosted?

Google Cloud Carbon Footprint is headquartered in US and hosts data in US. The vendor states it is GDPR-compliant, but the data falls under non-EU jurisdiction. For full EU data residency the EU alternatives on this page usually offer more certainty.

Details and sources

Verified by handHeadquarters, owner, hosting locations and licence have been checked by us against public sources. Free of charge and for every vendor, not a paid label. Nothing in this knowledge base is taken over automatically. Last checked on October 11, 2026.

Sources

Public sources used in the latest check of this record.

Compliance evidence

The links below point to the vendor's own public documents. We only record what we found: a missing link means "not found publicly", not "not compliant".

No public compliance evidence has been recorded for this vendor yet. Do you know its DPA or subprocessor list? Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Digital sovereignty in ESG & Sustainability

ESG & Sustainability: Carbon accounting, CSRD reporting, supply-chain due diligence (CSDDD/EUDR/CBAM) and ESG data management. In this category the choice of vendor determines who has legal access to your data, where that data lives and how easily you can switch later.

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