EU Sovereignty Score
Self-hosted / open sourceCybersecurityHeadquarters: LU

Passbolt: sovereignty score and 8 European alternatives

Passbolt is an open-source password and secret manager for teams, aimed at security-focused IT and DevOps users but usable across a whole organisation. It offers shared folders, browser autofill, user provisioning, single sign-on, multi-factor authentication and activity monitoring, plus an API, command-line tool and SDKs for handling secrets in DevOps workflows. Passbolt uses OpenPGP and end-to-end encryption: each password is encrypted individually, and private keys are generated and stored on the user's device. The Community Edition is free and self-hosted, the Pro edition is self-hosted with extra features, and Passbolt Cloud is hosted by the vendor.

The vendor, Passbolt SA, is registered in Luxembourg. Passbolt states that its cloud edition is hosted in Europe and that the software can also run behind an organisation's own firewall, including in air-gapped environments. Because the code is open source, organisations can inspect it and, when self-hosting, choose location and operator themselves. Those with strict jurisdiction requirements can self-host, or ask Passbolt which provider and region serve its cloud edition.

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Sovereignty score
94 / 1000 = high exposure
100 = sovereign
  • Jurisdiction SOV-2100
    Headquartered in the EU: European law applies
  • Data residency SOV-3100
    EU-only hosting
  • Cryptographic key sovereignty SOV-390
    Self-hostable: encryption keys under your own control
  • Freedom from lock-in SOV-680
    Open source: low switching costs
  • Source & runtime sovereignty SOV-4 · SOV-6100
    Source code auditable, forkable and self-hostable

SOV codes: the matching objective in the European Commission's Cloud Sovereignty Framework. Official source

How the score is calculated

Facts and evidence

Last checked July 2, 2026
HeadquartersLU (EU)Verified by hand
Sovereignty modelOpen-source, distributedVerified by hand
Data hostingEUVerified by hand
Open-sourceYesVerified by hand
GDPR-compliantYesVendor-stated
Compliance documents1 published, see belowVendor-stated
Hosting signalCLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US (US)Technically measured
CategoryCybersecurity
TypeProduct
Websitepassbolt.com ↗

The hosting signal shows the network that serves the vendor's website, often a CDN, and not necessarily where the service or your data is hosted. How we verify · Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Top EU-based & GDPR-compliant alternatives to Passbolt

The European alternatives to Passbolt come from our knowledge base of over 6,200 vendors. We only list vendors headquartered in the EU or the EEA; fully European-owned vendors rank before vendors with a foreign owner. For each alternative you see the country, the open-source status and a short description.

Score per alternative: 0 = high exposure, 100 = sovereign

93 European Cybersecurity vendors are in the catalogue. View the whole category · Submit an alternative · View category on the map

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Why digital sovereignty matters with Passbolt

Passbolt is headquartered in LU and therefore falls under European law: the GDPR, NIS2 and the Data Act. No foreign legislation can compel access to your data.

Data is hosted exclusively in the EU, so Passbolt scores best on data residency.

Passbolt is open source. You can audit the source code, self-host the software and keep the encryption keys under your own control. Switching is easier because data and software are not tied to a single party.

What this means for your organisation depends on your whole stack and context. The free assessment weighs Passbolt together with your other vendors and gives a total score, a heatmap and the main risk drivers.

Frequently asked questions

What is the best European alternative to Passbolt?

It depends on your use case. Strong EU alternatives to Passbolt include Actalis, Advenica and Avira. On this page you can compare 8 EU alternatives by jurisdiction, data residency and open-source status.

Are there open-source alternatives to Passbolt?

Yes. Open-source EU alternatives to Passbolt include CrowdSec. These keep your data fully under your own control and let you self-host if you want to.

Is Passbolt GDPR-compliant and where is the data hosted?

Passbolt is headquartered in LU (EU) and hosts data in EU. It is also open-source, so you can self-host it. That makes Passbolt an EU-sovereign choice in its own right; the EU alternatives on this page are comparable European tools.

Details and sources

Verified by handHeadquarters, owner, hosting locations and licence have been checked by us against public sources. Free of charge and for every vendor, not a paid label. Nothing in this knowledge base is taken over automatically. Last checked on July 2, 2026.

Sources

This record was checked via the vendor's website and legal notice during the full audit of June and July 2026. Source links have been recorded per record since 20 September 2026.

Compliance evidence

The links below point to the vendor's own public documents. We only record what we found: a missing link means "not found publicly", not "not compliant".

Data Processing Agreement (DPA)
passbolt.com/legal

Provenance of the links above:Vendor-stated

Links checked on September 21, 2026.

Cyber Resilience Act

Public signals that relate to the EU Cyber Resilience Act. They do not count towards the score. A missing line means "not found publicly".

Report a vulnerability
passbolt.com/docs/contribute/security/vulnerability/
security.txt
passbolt.com/.well-known/security.txt
Organisation behind the open-source project
Passbolt SA

For products in scope of the CRA, CE marking is required from 11 December 2027; this cannot be checked yet.

Checked on October 9, 2026. What is the Cyber Resilience Act?

Digital sovereignty in Cybersecurity

Cybersecurity: Threat detection, endpoint protection, SIEM, vulnerability management. In this category the choice of vendor determines who has legal access to your data, where that data lives and how easily you can switch later.

Also in this category

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8 European alternatives to Passbolt — GDPR-compliant & EU-hosted · EU Sovereignty Score