EU Sovereignty Score
Self-hosted / open sourceVPNHeadquarters: DE

strongSwan: sovereignty score and 8 European alternatives

strongSwan is an open-source, modular IPsec-based VPN solution that implements the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) protocols. Organisations install it on their own servers and gateways to connect sites and remote users, which makes it an alternative to proprietary IPsec gateway appliances. The project is released under the GPLv2 and, besides the open-source code, offers commercial licensing options.

The project's intellectual property has belonged to secunet Security Networks AG since 2022. secunet is a German cybersecurity company headquartered in Essen, and the project website names it as a maintainer and main sponsor, alongside codelabs GmbH. The software runs on infrastructure that the organisation controls, so traffic and configuration are not sent to a vendor cloud. The source code is public, so a European organisation can review it, build it itself and maintain it under its own control.

Sovereignty score
94 / 1000 = high exposure
100 = sovereign
  • Jurisdiction SOV-2100
    Headquartered in the EU: European law applies
  • Data residency SOV-3100
    EU-only hosting
  • Cryptographic key sovereignty SOV-390
    Self-hostable: encryption keys under your own control
  • Freedom from lock-in SOV-680
    Open source: low switching costs
  • Source & runtime sovereignty SOV-4 · SOV-6100
    Source code auditable, forkable and self-hostable

SOV codes: the matching objective in the European Commission's Cloud Sovereignty Framework. Official source

How the score is calculated

Facts and evidence

Last checked October 12, 2026
Headquarters
DE (EU)Verified by hand
Sovereignty model
Open-source, distributedVerified by hand
Data hosting
EUVerified by hand
Open-source
YesVerified by hand
GDPR-compliant
NoVendor-stated
Category
Type
Product
Website

How we verify · Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Top EU-based & GDPR-compliant alternatives to strongSwan

The European alternatives to strongSwan come from our knowledge base of over 8,000 vendors. We only list vendors headquartered in the EU or the EEA; fully European-owned vendors rank before vendors with a foreign owner. For each alternative you see the country, the open-source status and a short description.

Score per alternative: 0 = high exposure, 100 = sovereign

26 European VPN vendors are in the catalogue. View the whole category · Submit an alternative · View category on the map

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Why digital sovereignty matters with strongSwan

strongSwan is headquartered in DE and therefore falls under European law: the GDPR, NIS2 and the Data Act. No foreign legislation can compel access to your data.

Data is hosted exclusively in the EU, so strongSwan scores best on data residency.

strongSwan is open source. You can audit the source code, self-host the software and keep the encryption keys under your own control. Switching is easier because data and software are not tied to a single party.

What this means for your organisation depends on your whole stack and context. The free assessment weighs strongSwan together with your other vendors and gives a total score, a heatmap and the main risk drivers.

Frequently asked questions

What is the best European alternative to strongSwan?

It depends on your use case. Strong EU alternatives to strongSwan include AdGuard VPN, AirVPN and Avast SecureLine VPN. On this page you can compare 8 EU alternatives by jurisdiction, data residency and open-source status.

Are there open-source alternatives to strongSwan?

Yes. Open-source EU alternatives to strongSwan include Cryptostorm. These keep your data fully under your own control and let you self-host if you want to.

Is strongSwan GDPR-compliant and where is the data hosted?

strongSwan is headquartered in DE (EU) and hosts data in EU. It is also open-source, so you can self-host it. That makes strongSwan an EU-sovereign choice in its own right; the EU alternatives on this page are comparable European tools.

Details and sources

Verified by handHeadquarters, owner, hosting locations and licence have been checked by us against public sources. Free of charge and for every vendor, not a paid label. Nothing in this knowledge base is taken over automatically. Last checked on October 12, 2026.

Sources

Public sources used in the latest check of this record.

Compliance evidence

The links below point to the vendor's own public documents. We only record what we found: a missing link means "not found publicly", not "not compliant".

No public compliance evidence has been recorded for this vendor yet. Do you know its DPA or subprocessor list? Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Cyber Resilience Act

Public signals that relate to the EU Cyber Resilience Act. They do not count towards the score. A missing line means "not found publicly".

We found none of these signals on the vendor's own site when we checked.

For products in scope of the CRA, CE marking is required from 11 December 2027; this cannot be checked yet.

Checked on October 12, 2026. What is the Cyber Resilience Act?

Digital sovereignty in VPN

VPN: Virtual private network — privacy protection, encrypted connection. In this category the choice of vendor determines who has legal access to your data, where that data lives and how easily you can switch later.

Also in this category

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8 European alternatives to strongSwan — GDPR-compliant & EU-hosted · EU Sovereignty Score