Non-EU vendorPersonal Health & DNAHeadquarters: US

23andMe: sovereignty score and 8 European alternatives

23andMe is a consumer genetics service. Customers order a DNA kit, send in a sample, and the analysis is carried out in CLIA-certified laboratories in the United States. Reports cover geographic ancestry and DNA relatives, and an optional health tier adds screenings for a range of conditions, carrier reports and pharmacogenetics.

23andMe Holding Co. filed for bankruptcy in 2025. In July 2025 TTAM Research Institute, a nonprofit public benefit corporation founded and led by Anne Wojcicki, acquired the personal genome service and research business; the service is now presented as run by 23andMe Research Institute, a nonprofit in Palo Alto, California. The business is US-based and its samples are analysed in the US. The privacy statement refers residents of the EEA, the UK and Switzerland to a separate EU privacy notice, and the website does not state where customer data is stored. The new owner states that customers can change their decision on research participation. Genetic data is highly sensitive, so read that notice before ordering.

See the 8 European alternatives ↓Assess your stack with 23andMe pre-selected

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Sovereignty score

17 / 1000 = high exposure
100 = sovereign

Jurisdiction SOV-210
Headquartered in the US: CLOUD Act and FISA 702
Data residency SOV-30
No hosting in Europe (US)
Cryptographic key sovereignty SOV-320
Key management with a non-European vendor
Freedom from lock-in SOV-640
Closed source: switching requires data migration
Source & runtime sovereignty SOV-4 · SOV-615
Closed source, runtime with the vendor

SOV codes: the matching objective in the European Commission's Cloud Sovereignty Framework. Official source

How the score is calculated

Facts and evidence

Last checked October 8, 2026

Headquarters	US (US)Verified by hand
EU adequacy decision	Only for companies individually certified under the EU-US Data Privacy FrameworkVerified by hand
Sovereignty model	Vendor-hosted (non-EU)Verified by hand
Data hosting	USVerified by hand
Open-source	NoVerified by hand
GDPR-compliant	YesVendor-stated
Hosting signal	CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US (US)Technically measured
Category	Personal Health & DNA
Type	Product
Website	23andme.org ↗

The hosting signal shows the network that serves the vendor's website, often a CDN, and not necessarily where the service or your data is hosted. How we verify · Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Top EU-based & GDPR-compliant alternatives to 23andMe

The European alternatives to 23andMe come from our knowledge base of over 6,800 vendors. We only list vendors headquartered in the EU or the EEA; fully European-owned vendors rank before vendors with a foreign owner. For each alternative you see the country, the open-source status and a short description.

Score per alternative: 0 = high exposure, 100 = sovereign

38 European Personal Health & DNA vendors are in the catalogue. View the whole category · Submit an alternative · View category on the map

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Why digital sovereignty matters with 23andMe

23andMe is headquartered in the United States. US vendors fall under the CLOUD Act and FISA 702: US authorities can compel access to data, even when that data sits in a European data centre. That is the core of the jurisdictional exposure in our model.

23andMe hosts data outside the EU (US). Personal data therefore leaves the EU, which requires a transfer mechanism under the GDPR and pulls the data residency score down.

23andMe is closed source and hosted by the vendor. The encryption keys and the runtime sit with the vendor and switching requires data migration. Ask about bring-your-own-key, export options and open standards.

What this means for your organisation depends on your whole stack and context. The free assessment weighs 23andMe together with your other vendors and gives a total score, a heatmap and the main risk drivers.

Frequently asked questions

What is the best European alternative to 23andMe?

It depends on your use case. Strong EU alternatives to 23andMe include tellmeGen, 24Genetics and Lykon. On this page you can compare 8 EU alternatives by jurisdiction, data residency and open-source status.

Are there open-source alternatives to 23andMe?

Our list of EU alternatives to 23andMe is mostly commercial options. Browse the category on the map for open-source choices.

Is 23andMe GDPR-compliant and where is the data hosted?

23andMe is headquartered in US and hosts data in US. The vendor states it is GDPR-compliant, but the data falls under non-EU jurisdiction. For full EU data residency the EU alternatives on this page usually offer more certainty.

Details and sources

Verified by handHeadquarters, owner, hosting locations and licence have been checked by us against public sources. Free of charge and for every vendor, not a paid label. Nothing in this knowledge base is taken over automatically. Last checked on October 8, 2026.

Sources

Public sources used in the latest check of this record.

Compliance evidence

The links below point to the vendor's own public documents. We only record what we found: a missing link means "not found publicly", not "not compliant".

No public compliance evidence has been recorded for this vendor yet. Do you know its DPA or subprocessor list? Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Digital sovereignty in Personal Health & DNA

Personal Health & DNA: Blood testing, preventive health checks, telehealth and consumer DNA tests. In this category the choice of vendor determines who has legal access to your data, where that data lives and how easily you can switch later.

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