EU Sovereignty Score
Non-EU vendorAI SecurityHeadquarters: US

Gray Swan AI: sovereignty score and 8 European alternatives

Gray Swan AI is an AI security company that tests models and AI agents for vulnerabilities and misuse. Its products are Shade, an automated adversarial testing tool, and Cygnal, a runtime solution that classifies and blocks adversarial inputs and unsafe agent outputs. The company also runs Arena, a red-teaming network, and provides adversarial evaluations and red-teaming engagements for model builders and for organisations deploying AI. The services are delivered as SaaS and as project-based work.

The company is Gray Swan Security, Inc., based in Pittsburgh, United States, and a spin-out of Carnegie Mellon University. It is therefore subject to US law, including the CLOUD Act. Its privacy policy makes no GDPR commitment and names neither a hosting region nor a data processing agreement; its Trust Center lists SOC 2 Type 2 and Cyber Essentials. Where customer data is hosted is not publicly stated. European organisations that share test data or model behaviour with the service should have this confirmed contractually beforehand.

Sovereignty score
17 / 1000 = high exposure
100 = sovereign
  • Jurisdiction SOV-210
    Headquartered in the US: CLOUD Act and FISA 702
  • Data residency SOV-30
    No hosting in Europe (US)
  • Cryptographic key sovereignty SOV-320
    Key management with a non-European vendor
  • Freedom from lock-in SOV-640
    Closed source: switching requires data migration
  • Source & runtime sovereignty SOV-4 · SOV-615
    Closed source, runtime with the vendor

SOV codes: the matching objective in the European Commission's Cloud Sovereignty Framework. Official source

How the score is calculated

Facts and evidence

Last checked October 11, 2026
Headquarters
US (US)Verified by hand
EU adequacy decision
Only for companies individually certified under the EU-US Data Privacy FrameworkVerified by hand
Sovereignty model
Vendor-hosted (non-EU)Verified by hand
Data hosting
USVerified by hand
Open-source
NoVerified by hand
GDPR-compliant
NoVendor-stated
Category
Type
Product
Website

How we verify · Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Top EU-based & GDPR-compliant alternatives to Gray Swan AI

The European alternatives to Gray Swan AI come from our knowledge base of over 7,800 vendors. We only list vendors headquartered in the EU or the EEA; fully European-owned vendors rank before vendors with a foreign owner. For each alternative you see the country, the open-source status and a short description.

Score per alternative: 0 = high exposure, 100 = sovereign

19 European AI Security vendors are in the catalogue. View the whole category · Submit an alternative · View category on the map

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Why digital sovereignty matters with Gray Swan AI

Gray Swan AI is headquartered in the United States. US vendors fall under the CLOUD Act and FISA 702: US authorities can compel access to data, even when that data sits in a European data centre. That is the core of the jurisdictional exposure in our model.

Gray Swan AI hosts data outside the EU (US). Personal data therefore leaves the EU, which requires a transfer mechanism under the GDPR and pulls the data residency score down.

Gray Swan AI is closed source and hosted by the vendor. The encryption keys and the runtime sit with the vendor and switching requires data migration. Ask about bring-your-own-key, export options and open standards.

What this means for your organisation depends on your whole stack and context. The free assessment weighs Gray Swan AI together with your other vendors and gives a total score, a heatmap and the main risk drivers.

Frequently asked questions

What is the best European alternative to Gray Swan AI?

It depends on your use case. Strong EU alternatives to Gray Swan AI include 2021.AI GRACE, CalypsoAI and Giskard. On this page you can compare 8 EU alternatives by jurisdiction, data residency and open-source status.

Are there open-source alternatives to Gray Swan AI?

Yes. Open-source EU alternatives to Gray Swan AI include Giskard, Invariant Labs and Mistral Shieldstral. These keep your data fully under your own control and let you self-host if you want to.

Is Gray Swan AI GDPR-compliant and where is the data hosted?

Gray Swan AI is headquartered in US and hosts data in US. Its GDPR compliance is limited or unclear. For full EU data residency the EU alternatives on this page usually offer more certainty.

Details and sources

Verified by handHeadquarters, owner, hosting locations and licence have been checked by us against public sources. Free of charge and for every vendor, not a paid label. Nothing in this knowledge base is taken over automatically. Last checked on October 11, 2026.

Sources

Public sources used in the latest check of this record.

Compliance evidence

The links below point to the vendor's own public documents. We only record what we found: a missing link means "not found publicly", not "not compliant".

No public compliance evidence has been recorded for this vendor yet. Do you know its DPA or subprocessor list? Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Digital sovereignty in AI Security

AI Security: Security for AI/LLM systems — prompt-injection detection, AI red-teaming, agentic security posture management and AI governance guardrails. In this category the choice of vendor determines who has legal access to your data, where that data lives and how easily you can switch later.

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8 European alternatives to Gray Swan AI — GDPR-compliant & EU-hosted · EU Sovereignty Score