Self-hosted / open sourcePersonal Backup & SyncHeadquarters: US

Duplicati: sovereignty score and 8 European alternatives

Duplicati is free, open-source software for backing up personal files, photos and documents in encrypted, incremental form. Backups go to local drives, a NAS or a cloud service such as Backblaze B2, Amazon S3, Dropbox, OneDrive, Google Drive, SFTP or WebDAV. Data is encrypted on your own computer with AES-256 or GPG before it is sent, and only changed parts are uploaded again. Duplicati runs on Windows, macOS and Linux and has a graphical user interface. The source code is available on GitHub under the MIT licence.

The project is developed by Duplicati Inc., a US company incorporated in Delaware in March 2024. According to the company, the client stays open source, while paid features target businesses. Because you choose the storage destination yourself, you also decide in which country your backups are stored: a European provider or your own drive keeps the data in Europe. As encryption happens locally, the storage provider cannot read the content.

See the 8 European alternatives ↓Assess your stack with Duplicati pre-selected

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Sovereignty score

71 / 1000 = high exposure
100 = sovereign

Jurisdiction SOV-210
Headquartered in the US: CLOUD Act and FISA 702
Data residency SOV-3100
EU-only hosting
Cryptographic key sovereignty SOV-390
Self-hostable: encryption keys under your own control
Freedom from lock-in SOV-680
Open source: low switching costs
Source & runtime sovereignty SOV-4 · SOV-675
Source code auditable, forkable and self-hostable

SOV codes: the matching objective in the European Commission's Cloud Sovereignty Framework. Official source

How the score is calculated

Facts and evidence

Last checked October 2, 2026

Headquarters	US (US)Verified by hand
EU adequacy decision	Only for companies individually certified under the EU-US Data Privacy FrameworkVerified by hand
Sovereignty model	Open-source, distributedVerified by hand
Data hosting	EUVerified by hand
Open-source	YesVerified by hand
GDPR-compliant	YesVendor-stated
Hosting signal	AMAZON-02 - Amazon.com, Inc., US (NL)Technically measured
Category	Personal Backup & Sync
Type	Product
Website	duplicati.com ↗

The hosting signal shows the network that serves the vendor's website, often a CDN, and not necessarily where the service or your data is hosted. How we verify · Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Top EU-based & GDPR-compliant alternatives to Duplicati

The European alternatives to Duplicati come from our knowledge base of over 8,000 vendors. We only list vendors headquartered in the EU or the EEA; fully European-owned vendors rank before vendors with a foreign owner. For each alternative you see the country, the open-source status and a short description.

Score per alternative: 0 = high exposure, 100 = sovereign

20 European Personal Backup & Sync vendors are in the catalogue. View the whole category · Submit an alternative · View category on the map

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Why digital sovereignty matters with Duplicati

Duplicati is headquartered in the United States. US vendors fall under the CLOUD Act and FISA 702: US authorities can compel access to data, even when that data sits in a European data centre. That is the core of the jurisdictional exposure in our model.

Data is hosted exclusively in the EU, so Duplicati scores best on data residency.

Duplicati is open source. You can audit the source code, self-host the software and keep the encryption keys under your own control. Switching is easier because data and software are not tied to a single party.

What this means for your organisation depends on your whole stack and context. The free assessment weighs Duplicati together with your other vendors and gives a total score, a heatmap and the main risk drivers.

Frequently asked questions

What is the best European alternative to Duplicati?

It depends on your use case. Strong EU alternatives to Duplicati include Ashampoo Backup, Langmeier Backup and BorgBackup. On this page you can compare 8 EU alternatives by jurisdiction, data residency and open-source status.

Are there open-source alternatives to Duplicati?

Yes. Open-source EU alternatives to Duplicati include BorgBackup, FreeFileSync, Pika Backup, Restic and Syncthing. These keep your data fully under your own control and let you self-host if you want to.

Is Duplicati GDPR-compliant and where is the data hosted?

Duplicati is headquartered in US and hosts data in EU. The vendor states it is GDPR-compliant, but the data falls under non-EU jurisdiction. For full EU data residency the EU alternatives on this page usually offer more certainty.

Details and sources

Verified by handHeadquarters, owner, hosting locations and licence have been checked by us against public sources. Free of charge and for every vendor, not a paid label. Nothing in this knowledge base is taken over automatically. Last checked on October 2, 2026.

Sources

Public sources used in the latest check of this record.

Compliance evidence

The links below point to the vendor's own public documents. We only record what we found: a missing link means "not found publicly", not "not compliant".

No public compliance evidence has been recorded for this vendor yet. Do you know its DPA or subprocessor list? Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Digital sovereignty in Personal Backup & Sync

Personal Backup & Sync: Personal backup tools, file synchronisation and data recovery. In this category the choice of vendor determines who has legal access to your data, where that data lives and how easily you can switch later.

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