EU Sovereignty Score
Self-hosted / open sourceAI CoworkHeadquarters: US

Microsoft Agent Framework: sovereignty score and 8 European alternatives

Microsoft Agent Framework is an open-source framework (MIT licence) for AI agents and multi-agent workflows in .NET and Python, with a Go SDK in public preview. It provides agents that call models and tools, including MCP servers, graph-based workflows with explicit execution paths, session state, middleware and telemetry. It is the direct successor to Semantic Kernel and AutoGen, built by the same teams, and works with Microsoft Foundry, Azure OpenAI, OpenAI, Anthropic and Ollama, among others.

The framework is developed by Microsoft, headquartered in the United States. The code can be self-hosted, so the sovereignty question mostly concerns the models and hosting services you connect. Foundry Hosted Agents are optional and, according to Microsoft, available in several European Azure regions, including West Europe, Germany West Central and Switzerland North. The documentation states that you are responsible for data flowing to third-party systems outside your Azure boundaries. As a US provider, Microsoft is subject to US jurisdiction, including the CLOUD Act.

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Sovereignty score
71 / 1000 = high exposure
100 = sovereign
  • Jurisdiction SOV-210
    Headquartered in the US: CLOUD Act and FISA 702
  • Data residency SOV-3100
    Hosting inside and outside Europe (US, EU, CH)
  • Cryptographic key sovereignty SOV-390
    Self-hostable: encryption keys under your own control
  • Freedom from lock-in SOV-680
    Open source: low switching costs
  • Source & runtime sovereignty SOV-4 · SOV-675
    Source code auditable, forkable and self-hostable

SOV codes: the matching objective in the European Commission's Cloud Sovereignty Framework. Official source

How the score is calculated

Facts and evidence

Last checked October 10, 2026
HeadquartersUS (US)Verified by hand
EU adequacy decisionOnly for companies individually certified under the EU-US Data Privacy FrameworkVerified by hand
Sovereignty modelOpen-source, distributedVerified by hand
Data hostingUS, EU, CHVerified by hand
Open-sourceYesVerified by hand
GDPR-compliantYesVendor-stated
CategoryAI Cowork
TypeProduct
Websitelearn.microsoft.com ↗

How we verify · Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Top EU-based & GDPR-compliant alternatives to Microsoft Agent Framework

The European alternatives to Microsoft Agent Framework come from our knowledge base of over 6,200 vendors. We only list vendors headquartered in the EU or the EEA; fully European-owned vendors rank before vendors with a foreign owner. For each alternative you see the country, the open-source status and a short description.

Score per alternative: 0 = high exposure, 100 = sovereign

20 European AI Cowork vendors are in the catalogue. View the whole category · Submit an alternative · View category on the map

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Why digital sovereignty matters with Microsoft Agent Framework

Microsoft Agent Framework is headquartered in the United States. US vendors fall under the CLOUD Act and FISA 702: US authorities can compel access to data, even when that data sits in a European data centre. That is the core of the jurisdictional exposure in our model.

Microsoft Agent Framework hosts data in US, EU, CH. Exactly what stays within the EU — and what does not — is defined by the vendor's data processing agreement and sub-processor list, not by a setting you control yourself; check those documents for the precise scope, including backups, logs and support access.

Microsoft Agent Framework is open source. You can audit the source code, self-host the software and keep the encryption keys under your own control. Switching is easier because data and software are not tied to a single party.

What this means for your organisation depends on your whole stack and context. The free assessment weighs Microsoft Agent Framework together with your other vendors and gives a total score, a heatmap and the main risk drivers.

Frequently asked questions

What is the best European alternative to Microsoft Agent Framework?

It depends on your use case. Strong EU alternatives to Microsoft Agent Framework include Haystack (deepset), Connic and 2501.ai. On this page you can compare 8 EU alternatives by jurisdiction, data residency and open-source status.

Are there open-source alternatives to Microsoft Agent Framework?

Yes. Open-source EU alternatives to Microsoft Agent Framework include Haystack (deepset), Mistral AI and Nextcloud Assistant. These keep your data fully under your own control and let you self-host if you want to.

Is Microsoft Agent Framework GDPR-compliant and where is the data hosted?

Microsoft Agent Framework is headquartered in US and hosts data in US, EU, CH. The vendor states it is GDPR-compliant, but the data falls under non-EU jurisdiction. For full EU data residency the EU alternatives on this page usually offer more certainty.

Details and sources

Verified by handHeadquarters, owner, hosting locations and licence have been checked by us against public sources. Free of charge and for every vendor, not a paid label. Nothing in this knowledge base is taken over automatically. Last checked on October 10, 2026.

Sources

Public sources used in the latest check of this record.

Compliance evidence

The links below point to the vendor's own public documents. We only record what we found: a missing link means "not found publicly", not "not compliant".

No public compliance evidence has been recorded for this vendor yet. Do you know its DPA or subprocessor list? Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Digital sovereignty in AI Cowork

AI Cowork: Autonomous AI desktop agents — multi-step task execution, document processing, workflow automation. In this category the choice of vendor determines who has legal access to your data, where that data lives and how easily you can switch later.

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8 European alternatives to Microsoft Agent Framework — GDPR-compliant & EU-hosted · EU Sovereignty Score