EU Sovereignty Score
Non-EU vendorData Platform & WarehouseHeadquarters: US

Amazon Redshift: sovereignty score and 8 European alternatives

Amazon Redshift is a cloud data warehouse from Amazon Web Services for analytical workloads. It is offered as Redshift Serverless, which scales compute automatically, and as provisioned clusters. AWS describes querying open table formats such as Apache Iceberg and Parquet on Amazon S3, zero-ETL integrations from Aurora, RDS and DynamoDB, streaming ingestion, data sharing, row- and column-level access control and machine learning in SQL. Redshift is delivered only as a managed AWS service, used through the AWS console and APIs.

Redshift is operated by AWS, part of Amazon.com, Inc., a US company. AWS publishes Redshift endpoints in many regions, including Europe: Frankfurt, Ireland, Paris, Stockholm, Milan, Spain and Zurich, plus London. A European region determines where the warehouse runs, but the provider remains subject to US law, including the CLOUD Act. The service is proprietary and cannot be self-hosted, so key control, access governance and exit options deserve attention in an assessment.

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Sovereignty score
27 / 1000 = high exposure
100 = sovereign
  • Jurisdiction SOV-210
    Headquartered in the US: CLOUD Act and FISA 702
  • Data residency SOV-350
    Hosting inside and outside Europe (US, EU, APAC)
  • Cryptographic key sovereignty SOV-320
    Key management with a non-European vendor
  • Freedom from lock-in SOV-640
    Closed source: switching requires data migration
  • Source & runtime sovereignty SOV-4 · SOV-615
    Closed source, runtime with the vendor

SOV codes: the matching objective in the European Commission's Cloud Sovereignty Framework. Official source

How the score is calculated

Facts and evidence

Last checked October 1, 2026
HeadquartersUS (US)Verified by hand
EU adequacy decisionOnly for companies individually certified under the EU-US Data Privacy FrameworkVerified by hand
Sovereignty modelVendor-hosted (non-EU)Verified by hand
Data hostingUS, EU, APACVerified by hand
Open-sourceNoVerified by hand
GDPR-compliantYesVendor-stated
Hosting signalAMAZON-02 - Amazon.com, Inc., US (US)Technically measured
CategoryData Platform & Warehouse
TypeProduct
Websiteaws.amazon.com ↗

The hosting signal shows the network that serves the vendor's website, often a CDN, and not necessarily where the service or your data is hosted. How we verify · Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Top EU-based & GDPR-compliant alternatives to Amazon Redshift

The European alternatives to Amazon Redshift come from our knowledge base of over 6,200 vendors. We only list vendors headquartered in the EU or the EEA; fully European-owned vendors rank before vendors with a foreign owner. For each alternative you see the country, the open-source status and a short description.

Score per alternative: 0 = high exposure, 100 = sovereign

12 European Data Platform & Warehouse vendors are in the catalogue. View the whole category · Submit an alternative · View category on the map

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Why digital sovereignty matters with Amazon Redshift

Amazon Redshift is headquartered in the United States. US vendors fall under the CLOUD Act and FISA 702: US authorities can compel access to data, even when that data sits in a European data centre. That is the core of the jurisdictional exposure in our model.

Amazon Redshift hosts data in US, EU, APAC. Exactly what stays within the EU — and what does not — is defined by the vendor's data processing agreement and sub-processor list, not by a setting you control yourself; check those documents for the precise scope, including backups, logs and support access.

Amazon Redshift is closed source and hosted by the vendor. The encryption keys and the runtime sit with the vendor and switching requires data migration. Ask about bring-your-own-key, export options and open standards.

What this means for your organisation depends on your whole stack and context. The free assessment weighs Amazon Redshift together with your other vendors and gives a total score, a heatmap and the main risk drivers.

Frequently asked questions

What is the best European alternative to Amazon Redshift?

It depends on your use case. Strong EU alternatives to Amazon Redshift include Exasol, DuckDB and Aiven. On this page you can compare 8 EU alternatives by jurisdiction, data residency and open-source status.

Are there open-source alternatives to Amazon Redshift?

Yes. Open-source EU alternatives to Amazon Redshift include DuckDB. These keep your data fully under your own control and let you self-host if you want to.

Is Amazon Redshift GDPR-compliant and where is the data hosted?

Amazon Redshift is headquartered in US and hosts data in US, EU, APAC. The vendor states it is GDPR-compliant, but the data falls under non-EU jurisdiction. For full EU data residency the EU alternatives on this page usually offer more certainty.

Details and sources

Verified by handHeadquarters, owner, hosting locations and licence have been checked by us against public sources. Free of charge and for every vendor, not a paid label. Nothing in this knowledge base is taken over automatically. Last checked on October 1, 2026.

Sources

Public sources used in the latest check of this record.

Compliance evidence

The links below point to the vendor's own public documents. We only record what we found: a missing link means "not found publicly", not "not compliant".

No public compliance evidence has been recorded for this vendor yet. Do you know its DPA or subprocessor list? Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Digital sovereignty in Data Platform & Warehouse

Data Platform & Warehouse: Lakehouses, cloud data warehouses, data-lake storage and analytical databases for enterprise-wide analysis. In this category the choice of vendor determines who has legal access to your data, where that data lives and how easily you can switch later.

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8 European alternatives to Amazon Redshift — GDPR-compliant & EU-hosted · EU Sovereignty Score