Self-hosted / open sourceVirtualisation & ContainersHeadquarters: US

KubeVirt: sovereignty score and 8 European alternatives

KubeVirt is a virtualisation add-on for Kubernetes. It extends the cluster with new resource types, notably a VM type, so that virtual machines are created, scheduled, started, stopped and deleted through the Kubernetes API, next to containers. Teams use it for applications that are hard to containerise, to run existing VM workloads and new containerised services on one platform, and to move VM-based applications towards containers step by step. KubeVirt runs as additional controllers and agents on a cluster you operate yourself; it is software, not a hosted service.

KubeVirt is released under the Apache 2.0 licence and is an incubating project of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation, which it joined in 2019. The project website carries the notice of LF Projects, LLC, so it is governed by foundations rather than by a single company, and no European vendor owns it. Because you run KubeVirt on your own clusters, workloads and data stay on the infrastructure you choose, including EU data centres. The open source code can be audited.

See the 8 European alternatives ↓Assess your stack with KubeVirt pre-selected

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Sovereignty score

69 / 1000 = high exposure
100 = sovereign

Jurisdiction SOV-210
Headquartered in the US: CLOUD Act and FISA 702
Data residency SOV-3100
No hosting in Europe (self-hosted)
Cryptographic key sovereignty SOV-390
Self-hostable: encryption keys under your own control
Freedom from lock-in SOV-680
Open source: low switching costs
Source & runtime sovereignty SOV-4 · SOV-665
Source code auditable, forkable and self-hostable

SOV codes: the matching objective in the European Commission's Cloud Sovereignty Framework. Official source

How the score is calculated

Facts and evidence

Last checked October 6, 2026

Headquarters	US (US)Verified by hand
EU adequacy decision	Only for companies individually certified under the EU-US Data Privacy FrameworkVerified by hand
Sovereignty model	Open-source, distributedVerified by hand
Data hosting	self-hostedVerified by hand
Open-source	YesVerified by hand
GDPR-compliant	YesVendor-stated
Category	Virtualisation & Containers
Type	Product
Website	kubevirt.io ↗

How we verify · Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Top EU-based & GDPR-compliant alternatives to KubeVirt

The European alternatives to KubeVirt come from our knowledge base of over 6,800 vendors. We only list vendors headquartered in the EU or the EEA; fully European-owned vendors rank before vendors with a foreign owner. For each alternative you see the country, the open-source status and a short description.

Score per alternative: 0 = high exposure, 100 = sovereign

20 European Virtualisation & Containers vendors are in the catalogue. View the whole category · Submit an alternative · View category on the map

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Why digital sovereignty matters with KubeVirt

KubeVirt is headquartered in the United States. US vendors fall under the CLOUD Act and FISA 702: US authorities can compel access to data, even when that data sits in a European data centre. That is the core of the jurisdictional exposure in our model.

KubeVirt hosts data outside the EU (self-hosted). Personal data therefore leaves the EU, which requires a transfer mechanism under the GDPR and pulls the data residency score down.

KubeVirt is open source. You can audit the source code, self-host the software and keep the encryption keys under your own control. Switching is easier because data and software are not tied to a single party.

What this means for your organisation depends on your whole stack and context. The free assessment weighs KubeVirt together with your other vendors and gives a total score, a heatmap and the main risk drivers.

Frequently asked questions

What is the best European alternative to KubeVirt?

It depends on your use case. Strong EU alternatives to KubeVirt include APPUiO (VSHN), Gardener and Giant Swarm. On this page you can compare 8 EU alternatives by jurisdiction, data residency and open-source status.

Are there open-source alternatives to KubeVirt?

Yes. Open-source EU alternatives to KubeVirt include Gardener, Giant Swarm, Harvester, IncludeOS, K3s, Kamaji and Kubermatic. These keep your data fully under your own control and let you self-host if you want to.

Is KubeVirt GDPR-compliant and where is the data hosted?

KubeVirt is headquartered in US and hosts data in self-hosted. The vendor states it is GDPR-compliant, but the data falls under non-EU jurisdiction. For full EU data residency the EU alternatives on this page usually offer more certainty.

Details and sources

Verified by handHeadquarters, owner, hosting locations and licence have been checked by us against public sources. Free of charge and for every vendor, not a paid label. Nothing in this knowledge base is taken over automatically. Last checked on October 6, 2026.

Sources

Public sources used in the latest check of this record.

Compliance evidence

The links below point to the vendor's own public documents. We only record what we found: a missing link means "not found publicly", not "not compliant".

No public compliance evidence has been recorded for this vendor yet. Do you know its DPA or subprocessor list? Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Cyber Resilience Act

Public signals that relate to the EU Cyber Resilience Act. They do not count towards the score. A missing line means "not found publicly".

Report a vulnerability: github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/security/policy
Supported versions: github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/blob/main/docs/release.md
Organisation behind the open-source project: Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF)

For products in scope of the CRA, CE marking is required from 11 December 2027; this cannot be checked yet.

Checked on October 9, 2026. What is the Cyber Resilience Act?

Digital sovereignty in Virtualisation & Containers

Virtualisation & Containers: Virtualisation platforms, container management, Kubernetes distributions and hypervisors. In this category the choice of vendor determines who has legal access to your data, where that data lives and how easily you can switch later.

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