EU Sovereignty Score
Self-hosted / open sourceOffice & ProductivityHeadquarters: US

Microsoft 365 Apps: sovereignty score and 8 European alternatives

Microsoft 365 Apps is Microsoft's subscription version of Office. The package includes Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, OneNote, Access, OneDrive and Teams, and connects to services such as SharePoint Online and Exchange Online. The apps are installed locally using Click-to-Run and updated regularly, as often as monthly. Users need a licensed Microsoft 365 account and must connect at least once every 30 days so the subscription can be verified. The Office web apps are a separate service.

Microsoft Corporation is headquartered in Redmond, Washington, in the US, and is therefore subject to US jurisdiction. For tenants that sign up in the EU or EFTA, Microsoft states that it stores and processes customer data and pseudonymised personal data within the EU Data Boundary, with limited exceptions; Multi-Geo customers are not covered. As a processor, Microsoft makes GDPR commitments through its Data Protection Addendum. Installing the apps locally does not by itself keep documents local: storage in SharePoint or OneDrive follows the tenant's data location. European organisations should therefore assess both the licence and account dependency and their storage choices.

Sovereignty score
57 / 1000 = high exposure
100 = sovereign
  • Jurisdiction SOV-210
    Headquartered in the US: CLOUD Act and FISA 702
  • Data residency SOV-3100
    Hosting inside and outside Europe (EU, US)
  • Cryptographic key sovereignty SOV-380
    Closed source, but self-hostable: encryption keys and runtime under your own control
  • Freedom from lock-in SOV-640
    Closed source: switching requires data migration
  • Source & runtime sovereignty SOV-4 · SOV-655
    Closed source, but self-hostable on your own infrastructure

SOV codes: the matching objective in the European Commission's Cloud Sovereignty Framework. Official source

How the score is calculated

Facts and evidence

Last checked October 11, 2026
Headquarters
US (US)Verified by hand
EU adequacy decision
Only for companies individually certified under the EU-US Data Privacy FrameworkVerified by hand
Data hosting
Self-hosted, e.g. in EU, US (your choice)Verified by hand
Open-source
NoVerified by hand
GDPR-compliant
YesVendor-stated
Category
Type
Product
Website

How we verify · Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Top EU-based & GDPR-compliant alternatives to Microsoft 365 Apps

The European alternatives to Microsoft 365 Apps come from our knowledge base of over 6,800 vendors. We only list vendors headquartered in the EU or the EEA; fully European-owned vendors rank before vendors with a foreign owner. For each alternative you see the country, the open-source status and a short description.

Score per alternative: 0 = high exposure, 100 = sovereign

31 European Office & Productivity vendors are in the catalogue. View the whole category · Submit an alternative · View category on the map

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Why digital sovereignty matters with Microsoft 365 Apps

Microsoft 365 Apps is headquartered in the United States. US vendors fall under the CLOUD Act and FISA 702: US authorities can compel access to data, even when that data sits in a European data centre. That is the core of the jurisdictional exposure in our model.

Microsoft 365 Apps runs on infrastructure you choose and control yourself. You decide where the data lives, including fully within the EU if you want — this is not a fixed hosting choice made by the vendor.

Microsoft 365 Apps is closed source, but you run the software yourself on your own infrastructure. The encryption keys and the runtime therefore stay under your own control, though you cannot audit or modify the source code. Ask about export options and open standards to limit software-level lock-in.

What this means for your organisation depends on your whole stack and context. The free assessment weighs Microsoft 365 Apps together with your other vendors and gives a total score, a heatmap and the main risk drivers.

Frequently asked questions

What is the best European alternative to Microsoft 365 Apps?

It depends on your use case. Strong EU alternatives to Microsoft 365 Apps include Ashampoo Office, Calligra Suite and Craft Docs. On this page you can compare 8 EU alternatives by jurisdiction, data residency and open-source status.

Are there open-source alternatives to Microsoft 365 Apps?

Yes. Open-source EU alternatives to Microsoft 365 Apps include Calligra Suite, CryptPad, EGroupware, Euro-Office, eXo Platform and Framasoft (Framapad/Framacalc). These keep your data fully under your own control and let you self-host if you want to.

Is Microsoft 365 Apps GDPR-compliant and where is the data hosted?

Microsoft 365 Apps is headquartered in US and hosts data in EU, US. The vendor states it is GDPR-compliant, but the data falls under non-EU jurisdiction. For full EU data residency the EU alternatives on this page usually offer more certainty.

Details and sources

Verified by handHeadquarters, owner, hosting locations and licence have been checked by us against public sources. Free of charge and for every vendor, not a paid label. Nothing in this knowledge base is taken over automatically. Last checked on October 11, 2026.

Sources

Public sources used in the latest check of this record.

Compliance evidence

The links below point to the vendor's own public documents. We only record what we found: a missing link means "not found publicly", not "not compliant".

No public compliance evidence has been recorded for this vendor yet. Do you know its DPA or subprocessor list? Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Digital sovereignty in Office & Productivity

Office & Productivity: Office software, word processing, spreadsheets and groupware. In this category the choice of vendor determines who has legal access to your data, where that data lives and how easily you can switch later.

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8 European alternatives to Microsoft 365 Apps — GDPR-compliant & EU-hosted · EU Sovereignty Score