Self-hosted / open sourcePassword ManagerHeadquarters: DE

KeePass: sovereignty score and 8 European alternatives

KeePass is a free, open-source password manager that stores passwords in a single encrypted database locked by a master key. Databases can be encrypted with AES-256, ChaCha20 or Twofish. KeePass runs mainly on Windows, with macOS and Linux supported through Mono, and unofficial ports exist for other platforms. A plugin section offers add-ons for import, export and backup. The database is an ordinary file: according to the FAQ, KeePass does not require internet or cloud access, and the file can be kept on any local, network or cloud storage, always in encrypted form.

KeePass is developed by an individual, Dominik Reichl, who holds the copyright, and is released under the GPL (version 2 or later). There is no vendor-operated service, so no vendor holds your data and no corporate parent is involved. Where your data resides depends entirely on where you store the database file. This makes KeePass suitable for organisations that want to keep secrets on their own systems; because it is a single-maintainer project, they should assess long-term maintenance themselves.

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Sovereignty score

94 / 1000 = high exposure
100 = sovereign

Jurisdiction SOV-2100
Headquartered in the EU: European law applies
Data residency SOV-3100
EU-only hosting
Cryptographic key sovereignty SOV-390
Self-hostable: encryption keys under your own control
Freedom from lock-in SOV-680
Open source: low switching costs
Source & runtime sovereignty SOV-4 · SOV-6100
Source code auditable, forkable and self-hostable

SOV codes: the matching objective in the European Commission's Cloud Sovereignty Framework. Official source

How the score is calculated

Facts and evidence

Last checked July 2, 2026

Headquarters	DE (EU)Verified by hand
Sovereignty model	Open-source, distributedVerified by hand
Data hosting	EUVerified by hand
Open-source	YesVerified by hand
GDPR-compliant	YesVendor-stated
Hosting signal	GODADDY-SXB - Host Europe GmbH, DE (DE)Technically measured
Category	Password Manager
Type	Product
Website	keepass.info ↗

The hosting signal shows the network that serves the vendor's website, often a CDN, and not necessarily where the service or your data is hosted. How we verify · Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Top EU-based & GDPR-compliant alternatives to KeePass

The European alternatives to KeePass come from our knowledge base of over 6,800 vendors. We only list vendors headquartered in the EU or the EEA; fully European-owned vendors rank before vendors with a foreign owner. For each alternative you see the country, the open-source status and a short description.

Score per alternative: 0 = high exposure, 100 = sovereign

25 European Password Manager vendors are in the catalogue. View the whole category · Submit an alternative · View category on the map

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Why digital sovereignty matters with KeePass

KeePass is headquartered in DE and therefore falls under European law: the GDPR, NIS2 and the Data Act. No foreign legislation can compel access to your data.

Data is hosted exclusively in the EU, so KeePass scores best on data residency.

KeePass is open source. You can audit the source code, self-host the software and keep the encryption keys under your own control. Switching is easier because data and software are not tied to a single party.

What this means for your organisation depends on your whole stack and context. The free assessment weighs KeePass together with your other vendors and gives a total score, a heatmap and the main risk drivers.

Frequently asked questions

What is the best European alternative to KeePass?

It depends on your use case. Strong EU alternatives to KeePass include AuthPass, Avira Password Manager and Dashlane. On this page you can compare 8 EU alternatives by jurisdiction, data residency and open-source status.

Are there open-source alternatives to KeePass?

Yes. Open-source EU alternatives to KeePass include AuthPass, gopass, KeePassXC and KeeWeb. These keep your data fully under your own control and let you self-host if you want to.

Is KeePass GDPR-compliant and where is the data hosted?

KeePass is headquartered in DE (EU) and hosts data in EU. It is also open-source, so you can self-host it. That makes KeePass an EU-sovereign choice in its own right; the EU alternatives on this page are comparable European tools.

Details and sources

Verified by handHeadquarters, owner, hosting locations and licence have been checked by us against public sources. Free of charge and for every vendor, not a paid label. Nothing in this knowledge base is taken over automatically. Last checked on July 2, 2026.

Sources

This record was checked via the vendor's website and legal notice during the full audit of June and July 2026. Source links have been recorded per record since 20 September 2026.

Compliance evidence

The links below point to the vendor's own public documents. We only record what we found: a missing link means "not found publicly", not "not compliant".

No public compliance evidence has been recorded for this vendor yet. Do you know its DPA or subprocessor list? Something wrong? Suggest a correction

Cyber Resilience Act

Public signals that relate to the EU Cyber Resilience Act. They do not count towards the score. A missing line means "not found publicly".

We found none of these signals on the vendor's own site when we checked.

For products in scope of the CRA, CE marking is required from 11 December 2027; this cannot be checked yet.

Checked on October 9, 2026. What is the Cyber Resilience Act?

Digital sovereignty in Password Manager

Password Manager: Password vault — generate, store and autofill passwords. In this category the choice of vendor determines who has legal access to your data, where that data lives and how easily you can switch later.

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