E-learning authoring tools are used to build courses, quizzes, interactive modules and presentations, which are then published to a learning management system or shared directly with learners. Organisations use them for onboarding, compliance training and customer education.
The sovereignty question sits in two places. The authoring environment often holds unpublished course material, internal procedures and sometimes recordings of staff or customers, usually in the vendor's cloud. Published content may also send learner activity back to the vendor's servers, so the provider's jurisdiction and its sub-processors decide who can reach that information. Proprietary project formats are a quieter form of lock-in: if courses can only be edited in one tool, switching means rebuilding them.
When evaluating a European option, check whether projects can be exported to standard packaging formats and edited offline, whether the tool works without a mandatory cloud account, and whether the vendor publishes its hosting locations and sub-processors. Accessibility support and language coverage for your learners deserve a look too.